Top fields for scientists who started publishing before 1992

20 fields · 174 subfields · Started before 1992

Search fields and subfields

In which fields are the top-cited scientists who started publishing before 1992?

73,304 researchers whose first paper indexed in Scopus is from before 1992 are in the 2026 list of top-cited scientists, the annual ranking often called the Stanford–Elsevier top 2% scientists list, across 20 fields and 174 subfields. Clinical Medicine has the most (26,606, 36.3%), followed by Biomedical Research (7,574) and Physics & Astronomy (7,528); the largest subfield is Neurology & Neurosurgery (3,455). A row opens its scientists in the table of all authors.

Field and subfield	Listed authors	Share	Top 100k	Highest-ranked author
Clinical Medicine · 26,606 listed authors (36.3%)
Neurology & Neurosurgery	3,455	4.7%	2,097	Friston, K. J. #23
Oncology & Carcinogenesis	2,437	3.3%	1,213	Kalluri, Raghu K. #77
Cardiovascular System & Hematology	2,080	2.8%	1,151	Libby, Peter A. #28
Immunology	1,528	2.1%	857	Kroemer, Guido #62
General & Internal Medicine	1,500	2.0%	377	Altman, Douglas G. #10
Endocrinology & Metabolism	1,025	1.4%	747	Drucker, Daniel J. #131
Surgery	935	1.3%	192	Clavien, Pierre Alain #3,037
Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine	911	1.2%	288	Aitken, Robert John #1,112
Gastroenterology & Hepatology	863	1.2%	422	Sanyal, Arun Jayant #216
Pharmacology & Pharmacy	850	1.2%	223	Torchilin, Vladimir P. #435
Ophthalmology & Optometry	795	1.1%	264	Jonas, Jost Bruno #298
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging	781	1.1%	176	Weissleder, R. #827
Psychiatry	775	1.1%	667	Kessler, Ronald C. #27
Urology & Nephrology	745	1.0%	289	Levey, Andrew S. #294
Pediatrics	723	1.0%	160	Van Buuren, Stef #1,198
Dentistry	700	1.0%	203	Warnakulasuriya, Saman N. #1,436
Respiratory System	648	0.9%	299	Barnes, Peter John #141
Orthopedics	625	0.9%	211	Maffulli, Nicola #730
Dermatology & Venereal Diseases	526	0.7%	175	Hamblin, Michael R. #84
Otorhinolaryngology	420	0.6%	45	Rosenfeld, Richard M. #12,494
Anesthesiology	417	0.6%	119	Kehlet, Henrik Fs #818
Arthritis & Rheumatology	412	0.6%	248	Smolen, Josef Sebastian #826
Tropical Medicine	309	0.4%	50	Hotez, Peter J. #1,076
Emergency & Critical Care Medicine	260	0.4%	113	Vincent, Jean Louis #177
Pathology	221	0.3%	73	Fletcher, Christopher D.M. #5,127
Sport Sciences	197	0.3%	129	Bahr, Roald M. #2,408
Allergy	184	0.3%	110	Fokkens, Wytske Johanna #2,642
General Clinical Medicine	175	0.2%	23	Lippi, Giuseppe #1,575
Environmental & Occupational Health	144	0.2%	22	Kawakami, Norito #12,793
Geriatrics	111	0.2%	71	Rockwood, Kenneth J. #402
Legal & Forensic Medicine	86	0.1%	13	Madea, Burkhard #20,483
Complementary & Alternative Medicine	43	0.1%	6	Langevin, Hélène M. #28,236
Biomedical Research · 7,574 listed authors (10.3%)
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology	2,627	3.6%	1,040	Semenza, Gregg L. #107
Microbiology	1,678	2.3%	811	Denning, David W. #390
Developmental Biology	1,235	1.7%	854	Clevers, Hans C. #46
Virology	663	0.9%	183	Larson, Heidi Jane #1,263
Nutrition & Dietetics	466	0.6%	300	Calder, Philip C. #122
Toxicology	454	0.6%	141	Schwartz, Joel D. #750
Genetics & Heredity	430	0.6%	127	Schork, Nicholas J. #3,996
Physiology	344	0.5%	134	Pörtner, Hans-O. Otto #921
Mycology & Parasitology	255	0.3%	60	Dubey, Jitender P. #701
Biophysics	192	0.3%	51	Berman, Helen M. #4,217
Anatomy & Morphology	50	0.1%	3	Benjamin, Michael B. #37,641
Microscopy	41	0.1%	12	Liu, Jingyue(Jimmy) Jingyue #7,485
Physics & Astronomy · 7,528 listed authors (10.3%)
Applied Physics	2,448	3.3%	815	Perdew, John #13
Nuclear & Particle Physics	1,338	1.8%	551	Witten, Edward #45
Chemical Physics	1,131	1.5%	605	Becke, Axel D. #37
Fluids & Plasmas	644	0.9%	375	Newman, Mark E.J. #30
Astronomy & Astrophysics	576	0.8%	501	Hernquist, Lars E. #770
General Physics	546	0.7%	208	Preskill, John P. #199
Optics	368	0.5%	126	Boyd, Robert W. #681
Acoustics	267	0.4%	83	Randall, Robert Bond #3,069
Mathematical Physics	97	0.1%	32	Ma, Wenxiu #694
Engineering · 4,116 listed authors (5.6%)
Mechanical Engineering & Transports	853	1.2%	351	Reddy, Junuthula Narasimha #509
Industrial Engineering & Automation	480	0.7%	264	Duan, Guangren #494
Aerospace & Aeronautics	431	0.6%	79	Menter, Florian R. #381
Environmental Engineering	405	0.6%	207	van Genuchten, Martinus Th. #686
Geological & Geomatics Engineering	402	0.5%	299	Huete, Alfredo Ramon #372
Electrical & Electronic Engineering	354	0.5%	84	Blaabjerg, Frede #128
Biomedical Engineering	338	0.5%	132	Langer, Robert Samuel M. #116
Chemical Engineering	311	0.4%	169	Gordon, McKay #1,796
Civil Engineering	277	0.4%	140	Kaveh, Ali #405
Operations Research	205	0.3%	144	Saaty, Thomas L. #421
Mining & Metallurgy	142	0.2%	23	van Deventer, Jannie S.J. #3,522
Automobile Design & Engineering	16	0.0%	1	Pacejka, Hans B. #18,218
Chemistry · 3,705 listed authors (5.1%)
Organic Chemistry	869	1.2%	373	Sheldon, Roger A. #212
Polymers	617	0.8%	283	Andrady, Anthony L. #413
Inorganic & Nuclear Chemistry	544	0.7%	134	Sheldrick, George Michael #70
Analytical Chemistry	535	0.7%	170	Wang, Joseph #118
Medicinal & Biomolecular Chemistry	469	0.6%	116	Efferth, Thomas H. #1,195
General Chemistry	287	0.4%	92	Yaghi, Omar M. #73
Physical Chemistry	237	0.3%	124	NØrskov, Jens Kehlet #72
Biology · 3,577 listed authors (4.9%)
Plant Biology & Botany	1,378	1.9%	690	Zhu, Jian Kang #55
Ecology	683	0.9%	671	Tilman, David G. #65
Marine Biology & Hydrobiology	595	0.8%	305	Duarte, C. M. #187
Entomology	393	0.5%	104	van Huis, Arnold #1,056
Evolutionary Biology	309	0.4%	268	Tamura, Koichiro #306
Zoology	151	0.2%	15	Maddison, Wayne Paul #19,180
Ornithology	58	0.1%	9	Newton, Ian #19,171
Enabling & Strategic Technologies · 3,452 listed authors (4.7%)
Materials	1,400	1.9%	680	Raabe, Dierk #87
Energy	1,043	1.4%	553	Dincer, I. #75
Optoelectronics & Photonics	687	0.9%	90	Capasso, Federico #1,515
Biotechnology	285	0.4%	98	Nielsen, Jens B. #572
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology	229	0.3%	227	Wang, Zhong Lin #1
Strategic, Defence & Security Studies	130	0.2%	55	Slovic, Paul #577
Bioinformatics	103	0.1%	66	Kanehisa, Minoru I. #68
Earth & Environmental Sciences · 3,118 listed authors (4.3%)
Geochemistry & Geophysics	1,271	1.7%	833	Pearce, Juliana A. #536
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences	724	1.0%	679	Trenberth, Kevin E. #191
Paleontology	288	0.4%	151	Bronk Ramsey, Christopher #1,215
Environmental Sciences	283	0.4%	247	Elimelech, Menachem #316
Geology	236	0.3%	69	Santosh, M. Warrier #714
Oceanography	209	0.3%	73	Millero, Frank J. #2,121
Information & Communication Technologies · 2,351 listed authors (3.2%)
Artificial Intelligence & Image Processing	1,090	1.5%	574	Bengio, Yoshua #6
Networking & Telecommunications	657	0.9%	224	Shannon, Claude E. #98
Computation Theory & Mathematics	241	0.3%	111	Dwork, Cynthia #288
Software Engineering	89	0.1%	38	Slater, Mel #411
Information Systems	84	0.1%	77	Davis, Fred D. #85
Medical Informatics	76	0.1%	35	ten Cate, Olle Th J. #2,051
Computer Hardware & Architecture	75	0.1%	16	Roy, Kaushik #5,944
Distributed Computing	41	0.1%	7	Plimpton, Steven J. #256
Agriculture, Fisheries & Forestry · 2,245 listed authors (3.1%)
Veterinary Sciences	576	0.8%	54	Mellor, David J. #6,699
Agronomy & Agriculture	551	0.8%	274	Lal, Rattan A. #15
Dairy & Animal Science	452	0.6%	116	Goddard, Michael E. #3,324
Food Science	311	0.4%	223	McClements, David Julian #14
Fisheries	306	0.4%	88	Pauly, Daniel #755
Forestry	187	0.3%	51	Pretzsch, Hans #1,448
Horticulture	38	0.1%	6	Kader, Adel A. #26,760
Psychology & Cognitive Sciences · 1,752 listed authors (2.4%)
Experimental Psychology	485	0.7%	481	Gross, James J. #11
Social Psychology	470	0.6%	466	Bandura, Albert #4
Developmental & Child Psychology	296	0.4%	291	Baron-Cohen, Simon B. #184
Clinical Psychology	184	0.3%	169	Beck, Aaron T. #236
Behavioral Science & Comparative Psychology	168	0.2%	102	Dunbar, Robin I.M. #734
Human Factors	85	0.1%	65	Endsley, Mica R. #737
Psychoanalysis	47	0.1%	8	Kernberg, Otto Friedmann #7,916
General Psychology & Cognitive Sciences	39	0.1%	22	Lent, Robert W. #1,708
Social Sciences · 1,725 listed authors (2.4%)
Education	545	0.7%	364	Sweller, John #59
Political Science & Public Administration	242	0.3%	241	Ostrom, Elinor #34
Sociology	180	0.2%	179	Connell, Raewyn W. #616
Geography	147	0.2%	145	Anselin, Luc E. #406
Criminology	96	0.1%	79	Nagin, Daniel S. #1,085
Social Sciences Methods	80	0.1%	80	Bentler, Peter M. #105
Law	71	0.1%	21	Sunstein, Cass R. #233
Cultural Studies	69	0.1%	13	Chakrabarty, Dipesh #2,726
Science Studies	55	0.1%	54	Latour, Bruno #1,114
Information & Library Sciences	54	0.1%	23	Leydesdorff, Loet #1,378
International Relations	50	0.1%	49	Acharya, Amitav #1,543
Social Work	38	0.1%	9	Berger, Roni B. #14,162
Family Studies	34	0.0%	21	Amato, Paul R. #6,356
Demography	30	0.0%	21	Bongaarts, John P.M. #8,618
Gender Studies	23	0.0%	23	Gill, Rosalind M. #1,203
Economics & Business · 1,600 listed authors (2.2%)
Business & Management	497	0.7%	493	Teece, David J. #22
Economics	439	0.6%	434	Shleifer, Andrei #168
Marketing	123	0.2%	121	Hair, Joseph Franklin #42
Finance	105	0.1%	105	Fama, Eugene F. #323
Logistics & Transportation	102	0.1%	61	Flyvbjerg, Bent #850
Accounting	63	0.1%	62	Verrecchia, Robert E. #4,043
Sport, Leisure & Tourism	59	0.1%	58	Hall, C. Michael #274
Agricultural Economics & Policy	49	0.1%	45	Barbier, Edward B. #466
Development Studies	49	0.1%	46	Kabeer, Naila #2,109
Econometrics	44	0.1%	44	Pesaran, M. Hashem #48
Economic Theory	27	0.0%	14	Young, H. Peyton #14,927
Industrial Relations	22	0.0%	17	Guest, David E. #3,962
Mathematics & Statistics · 1,368 listed authors (1.9%)
General Mathematics	846	1.2%	300	Lions, Pierre Louis #832
Statistics & Probability	254	0.3%	242	Breiman, Leo #16
Numerical & Computational Mathematics	166	0.2%	78	Wazwaz, Abdul Majid 1. #539
Applied Mathematics	154	0.2%	93	Karniadakis, George Em #206
Public Health & Health Services · 1,282 listed authors (1.7%)
Public Health	496	0.7%	344	Williams, David Rudyard #156
Nursing	320	0.4%	85	Sandelowski, Margarete J. #336
Rehabilitation	215	0.3%	76	Bohannon, Richard Wallace #596
Health Policy & Services	163	0.2%	76	Ware, John Emerson #948
Substance Abuse	139	0.2%	85	Griffiths, Mark D. #139
Epidemiology	110	0.2%	66	Willett, Walter Churchill #76
Speech-Language Pathology & Audiology	108	0.1%	46	Deng, Li #632
Gerontology	100	0.1%	78	Ferrucci, Luigi G. #377
Historical Studies · 493 listed authors (0.7%)
Archaeology	166	0.2%	38	Weiner, Steve #5,626
History	134	0.2%	10	Hobsbawm, Eric J.E. #14,801
Anthropology	113	0.2%	67	Ingold, Tim #433
History of Science, Technology & Medicine	42	0.1%	3	Daston, Lorraine J. #24,851
Classics	38	0.1%	2	Scheidel, Walter #17,271
History of Social Sciences	32	0.0%	13	North, Douglass C. #5,075
Communication & Textual Studies · 325 listed authors (0.4%)
Languages & Linguistics	156	0.2%	143	Hyland, Ken #163
Literary Studies	88	0.1%	13	Butler, Judith E. #1,380
Communication & Media Studies	76	0.1%	75	Hayes, Andrew F. #101
Built Environment & Design · 260 listed authors (0.4%)
Building & Construction	175	0.2%	147	Shi, Caijun #129
Urban & Regional Planning	78	0.1%	74	Batty, Michael J. #886
Design Practice & Management	55	0.1%	18	Bendsøe, Martin Philip #6,474
Architecture	6	0.0%	1	Pallasmaa, Juhani #92,430
Philosophy & Theology · 195 listed authors (0.3%)
Philosophy	120	0.2%	86	Nussbaum, Martha Craven #1,247
Religions & Theology	70	0.1%	6	Ellison, Christopher G. #23,299
Applied Ethics	37	0.1%	33	Savulescu, Julian #3,829
Visual & Performing Arts · 32 listed authors (0.0%)
Art Practice, History & Theory	17	0.0%	0	Elkins, James #342,242
Music	16	0.0%	1	Adorno, Theodor W. #98,499
Drama & Theater	9	0.0%	1	Fischer-Lichte, Erika #79,170
Folklore	6	0.0%	1	Bauman, Richard W. #99,221